Lymphedema

Lymphedema, or swelling of the arm due to buildup of fluid, may occur any time after treatment for breast cancer. Any treatment that involves axillary dissection or radiation to the axillary lymph nodes carries the risk of lymphedema because normal drainage of lymph from the arm is changed.

The onset of lymphedema is often subtle and unpredictable. There is no good way to predict who will and will not develop lymphedema. It can occur right after surgery, months, or even years later. The potential for developing lymphedema remains throughout a woman's lifetime.

With care, lymphedema can often be avoided or, if it develops, kept under control. Injury or infection involving the affected arm or hand can contribute to the development of lymphedema or aggravate existing lymphedema, so preventive measures should focus on protecting the arm and hand. Most doctors recommend that women avoid having blood drawn from or blood pressures taken on the arm on the side of the lymph node surgery or radiation.

One of the first symptoms of lymphedema may be a feeling of tightness in the arm or hand on the same side that was treated for breast cancer. Any swelling, tightness, or injury to the arm or hand should be reported promptly to your doctor or nurse.

Quality of Life

Women who have undergone treatment for breast cancer should be reassured that their quality of life, once treatment has been completed, can be normal. Extensive studies have proven this. Women who have had chemotherapy may, however, notice a slight decrease in certain areas of function.

Some studies suggest that younger women, who represent about one fourth of breast cancer survivors, tend to have more problems adjusting to the stresses of breast cancer and its treatment. They have more psychosocial problems and trouble with emotional and social functioning. Some can feel isolated. Also, chemotherapy may have caused early menopause which requires adjustment. There may also be sexual difficulties. All these may need help with counseling and support groups directed to younger breast cancer survivors.